Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis Peran Multimedia Digital Pada Membaca Permulaan Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Keywords:
Multimedia Digital, Keterampilan Membaca Permulaan, Pembelajaran Interaktif, Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis, Flipped LearningAbstract
Keterampilan membaca permulaan merupakan aspek fundamental dalam perkembangan literasi anak yang berpengaruh terhadap kesuksesan akademik mereka di masa depan. Di era digital, integrasi multimedia digital dalam pembelajaran membaca menjadi pendekatan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan literatur sistematis/ Systematic Literature Review (SLR) yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis multimedia digital yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran membaca permulaan, menilai dampaknya terhadap keterampilan membaca siswa, serta mengeksplorasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitasnya. Dengan menggunakan pedoman PRISMA, 30 studi yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2019 hingga 2025 dianalisis dari jurnal terindeks Scopus dan Sinta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai format multimedia digital, seperti e-book interaktif, permainan edukatif, augmented reality, dan aplikasi mendongeng, mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa, motivasi, serta pemahaman mereka terhadap teks. Selain itu, pembelajaran berbasis multimedia mendukung pengembangan kosakata, pembelajaran yang dipersonalisasi, dan kolaborasi antar siswa. Namun, efektivitas multimedia digital dipengaruhi oleh kualitas konten, kompetensi guru, akses terhadap teknologi, serta keterlibatan orang tua. Studi ini juga menyoroti potensi pengembangan web multimedia interaktif yang mengintegrasikan nilai Tri Hita Karana dengan pendekatan flipped learning dalam mendukung pembelajaran kolaboratif dan meningkatkan keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi implementasi pembelajaran multimedia berbasis budaya serta dampaknya terhadap literasi membaca siswa.
Early reading skills are a fundamental aspect of children's literacy development and significantly influence their future academic success. In the digital era, the integration of digital multimedia into reading instruction has become an effective approach to enhance students' reading abilities. This study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) aimed at identifying the types of digital multimedia used in early reading instruction, assessing their impact on students' reading skills, and exploring the factors influencing their effectiveness. Using the PRISMA guidelines, 30 studies published between 2019 and 2025 were analyzed from Scopus and Sinta indexed journals. The findings indicate that various forms of digital multimedia such as interactive e-books, educational games, augmented reality, and storytelling appscan improve student engagement, motivation, and text comprehension. Moreover, multimedia-based learning supports vocabulary development, personalized learning, and peer collaboration. However, the effectiveness of digital multimedia is influenced by content quality, teacher competence, access to technology, and parental involvement. This study also highlights the potential for developing interactive web-based multimedia that integrates the Tri Hita Karana values with a flipped learning approach to support collaborative learning and enhance early reading skills. Further research is recommended to explore the implementation of culturally-based multimedia learning and its impact on students’ reading literacy.
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